More than 22% of the world's agricultural land is saline, and this trend continues to increase with climate changes. Salinity stress causes leaf color change, osmotic stress, ionic toxicity, prevents growth, photosynthesis and plant performance. Due to their size less than micron, metal nanoparticles have a great absorption and transmission power in plants. Salinity stress is a major problem in hot and dry areas under tomato cultivation. For this purpose, investigating the mutual effects of the size and type of ZINC OXIDE and iron OXIDE nanoparticles on the improvement and change of growth and increasing the resistance to salt stress in tomato plants of the early urbana variety were carried out in the form of a completely randomized and factorial design with 4 replications, at a significant level of 5%. In this research, ZINC OXIDE nanoparticles in 25 and 50 nm sizes, iron OXIDE in 25 nm sizes and sodium chloride in 0 and 75 mM levels were used. Nanoparticles and salinity treatments were both applied to the plants. The results showed that salt stress led to a decrease in plant growth parameters such as shoot and root length, leaf area, RWC, ion leakage. Also, NaCl led to an increase in the accumulation of prolin and other aldehydes, sodium, iron and ZINC. The application of nanoparticles had a slight effect in stress-free conditions, but in stressed conditions, these two nanoparticles alone and especially in combination neutralized the effect of salinity and reduced the damage caused by salinity stress.

Cobalt OXIDE/ ZINC OXIDE nanocomposite was synthesized by dropwise addition of Co(NO)3.6H2O and Zn(NO3)2.4H2O solutions to KOH solution at different temperatures followed by calcination at 300oC for 4 h. The morphology and structure of nanoparticles and the influence of temperature on particle size were studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). Minimum particle size was obtained before calcination at 70oC. In addition, the spherical, semispherical and flake-shaped nanoparticles were observed at ambient temperature. On the other hand, Co(OH)2 was transformed to Co3O4, ZnO flakes were eliminated, and particle size changed during calcination. Synthesized samples at 50oC and 70oC showed an increase size after calcinations; however, elimination of flakes during calcination caused particle size reduction for synthesized sample at ambient temperature.

ZINC OXIDE nano particles have many applications including food, medicine, tube and electronic industries. ZINC OXIDE nano powder can be produced using new and different methods. In this study precipitation transformation method was used to produce ZINC nano OXIDE from concentrated OXIDE of Angoran mine in Zanjan Province of Iran. At first, acidic leaching, neutral leaching, hot and cold purification were carried out and then the final product of to ZnSO4 precipitation method in order to ZnO nano powder was used. Six parameters such temperature, time, mixing rate and NaOH, Na2CO3 and ZnSO4 concentrations in four levels were employed for the experimental design. The optimum condition were found when the Na2CO3 solution and NaOH had the concentration of 1M at the temperature of 8000 C and the time and mixing rate were not much effect on production of nano powder. Then NaOH solution was dropped into the precursor. The final production was the ZINC OXIDE nano sized. Then ZnO nano powder is variable in size from 70nm to 150nm.

Introduction: ZINC plays an important role in metabolism, improving health and increasing the production of ruminant animals, and its deficiency causes a decrease in growth and a weak immune system.Objective: To investigate the effect of different levels of ZINC supplements (mineral, organic and nano) on some blood metabolites and rumen fermentation parameters of Baluchi lambs. Methods: This experiment was conducted on 24 male Balochi lambs (3-4 months old and average weight 20±2 kg) in a completely randomized design with four treatments and six repetitions for 70 days. Experimental treatments include: 1) basic diet without ZINC supplement (control), 2) diet with 100 mg of ZINC OXIDE, 3) diet with 25 mg of nano-ZINC OXIDE, and 4) diet with 50 mg of ZINC. Methionine was all per kilogram of feed dry matter. Results: There was no significant difference between the treatments in terms of serum glucose, total protein, albumin, urea, triglyceride, cholesterol, LDL, HDL, HDL/LDL ratio, calcium, phosphorus and copper concentrations (P>0.05). The concentration of ZINC in the supplementary treatments increased compared to the control and the concentration of thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) in the blood serum of treatments three and four, and the concentration of iron and malondialdehyde in the blood plasma of lambs fed with ZINC nanoOXIDE decreased compared to other treatments (P<0.05). Also, rumen ammonia nitrogen concentration decreased in the third and fourth treatments, and total volatile fatty acids and acetate-propionate ratio increased significantly in these treatments compared to the control and second treatments (P<0.05).Conclusion: Considering the reduction of rumen ammonia nitrogen and the increase of volatile fatty acids and thyroid hormones in the blood, the use of organic ZINC methionine supplement and ZINC nanoOXIDE instead of ZINC OXIDE in the diet of Baluchi lambs is recommended.